A Review Of KGW Crystal
A Review Of KGW Crystal
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In summary, we shown that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are efficient nonlinear elements for broadband SC era inside the around-infrared and brief-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by one hundred eighty fs basic harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO created two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Assess to SC spectra produced in YAG. These components exhibit really comparable performances to YAG also regarding threshold and optimum pump pulse energies for SC era. Having said that, for what worries the possibility to operate at superior laser pulse repetition level, YSO, LSO and LYSO demonstrate strong Procedure only at ten kHz and rapidly degrade (within just a couple of minutes) at twenty kHz. Other than the fairly reduced SC era threshold (169 nJ), GGG demonstrated exceptional overall performance attributes in the brief-wave infrared With all the optimal pump pulse Electricity of 464 nJ, which happens to be two instances reduce than in YAG: the most important crimson-shifted spectral broadening and the best spectral Power density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that aspect.
The datasets made use of and/or analysed during The existing examine offered in the corresponding creator on acceptable request.
Amplified pulses with the Electricity above 2.five mJ is often expected by applying a greater pump electrical power on the regenerative amplifier and which makes it get the job done within the saturation amount. The laser fluence of ~1 J/cm2 within the dichroic mirrors is thought to be beneath the injury threshold of large-good quality dielectric-coated mirrors.
The opposite was positioned with its Np -axis parallel With all the s-polarized way. A comparison was more info manufactured concerning a configuration With all the crystals put in exactly the same orientation (
KGW (potassium gadolinium tungstate) is actually a crystal that is often utilised for a Raman crystal in Raman spectroscopy. It is just a colorless, clear crystal that features a large Raman scattering effectiveness and a powerful Raman spectrum, rendering it well suited for A selection of Raman purposes.
Even though BGO and LT made the narrowest SC spectra (a little bit lower than 1.five optical octaves), they may be viewed as really eye-catching nonlinear products for broadband SC generation with pumping at lengthier laser wavelengths. Owing to its substantial nonlinearity, BGO exhibited the lowest SC generation threshold (78 nJ) Amongst the investigated materials, which can be twenty five % lessen than in KGW and will be considered as superb nonlinear product for quite reduced-threshold SC generation. The observed secure and durable destruction-absolutely free efficiency of BGO and GGG at two hundred kHz pulse repetition fee suggests that these nonlinear products have a possible for SC generation at even higher, MHz, repetition rates. Moreover, these elements give SC radiation with an outstanding list of parameters which are important for purposes in significant speed spectroscopy and imaging that use bulk-produced SC, see e.g.17,18,19,20.
The two-pump laser could offer you approximately a hundred and twenty W electrical power. Close to 60% of the maximum pump energy was utilized within our experiment thinking about the minimal efficiency from the dichroic mirrors. Beneath this twin-crystal configuration, our cavity supports a one hundred W pump power input, as reviewed in Area 2.2. Higher-quality dichroic mirrors might be applied Down the road, and laser pulses might be stretched to an extended pulse period.
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-switched output spectrum of the regenerative amplifier supports a sub-a hundred and sixty fs pulse amplification. Thus, pulses with energies of around 2 mJ and length down below two hundred fs may be attained employing greater-excellent dichroic mirrors as well as a broader-spectrum laser seed. This regenerative amplifier works as a fantastic pre-amplifier for additional laser amplification.
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An illustration of this kind of behaviour is proven in Fig. 7a. The character of spectral alterations is highlighted in Fig. 7d, which reveals how the SC spectrum around the very long-wavelength facet shrinks noticeably, from 1800 nm to 1450 nm, just after 8 minutes of publicity time in a stationary sample. LT crystal demonstrated relatively far better extended-phrase functionality: at pulse repetition costs of approximately one hundred kHz no narrowing on both side from the SC spectrum was detected. Nevertheless, fast narrowing of the SC spectrum in LT crystal was observed right after the initial 5 minutes of Procedure when the heartbeat repetition fee was set at two hundred kHz (knowledge not proven). In contrast to the above mentioned components, BGO and GGG demonstrated fantastic SC era performances without any spectral variations at a pulse repetition rate of two hundred kHz, as attested by the time number of SC spectra in BGO and GGG, proven in Fig. 7b and c, respectively. Figure 7e and file outline similar shapes of SC spectra originally and at the end of one hour-Long lasting measurement in both equally materials.